Building Design

Ventilation is nothing but the supply of outside air to the inside for the air motion & air replacement. To get a refresh, comfortable & hygienic environment inside the building,it is necessary to

• Maintain the CO2 level within the safe limit & provided the sufficient O2 content in air for respiration.
• Increase the heat loss from the body & prevent the discomfort due to moist skin.
• Cool the indoor space itself when the indoor temperature exceeds the outdoor temperature.
• Control the odor of cooking & tobacco smoke & remove the product of combustion.

The Question Arises:

• What should be the inlet & outlet opening area and it’s location to achieve the desired air quantity & speed inside the building.
• What should be the shape, size & spacing of the horizontal & vertical louvers provided
• How the presence of verandah effects the ventilation.
• How the indoor wind pattern & ventilation gets effected by the position of the indoor door openings.
• What should be the sill level of the window to cover the maximum active area inside the building.

There is no need to give the introduction about the earthquake, as everyone know the tragedy at Gujrat. “ A call for the death”, is the another name of the earthquake. It is one of the most dangerous disaster which so far cannot be predicted by the scientist in this advance technology era.

GENERAL IDEA OF COMMON MAN @ CONSTRUCTION

Common man thinks, if an ordinary mistry construct the building without CIVIL ENGINEER, the cost of construction will reduces. Of course something reduces but not the cost. It is the safety factor and the life of the building which reduces. People are ready to compromise with quality control and construction materials during construction and call it a Dream Home.

ROLE OF CIVIL ENGINEER

There is an old say that earthquake do not kill the people, but the building do. It is a fact that if any tragedy like Gujrat earthquake occurs, then we wake up. A civil engineer design the building by considering the load acting on it, & takes precautions at every steps in design to give the safest structure & provides proper rebar connection b/w column to column, column to beam & slab to beam etc. which resist the earthquake forces. Hence it is very necessary to get the reinforcement checked before the laying of slab or at every necessary stage of construction by a civil/structural engineer. Thus violating the rule and doing poor construction without a qualified civil engineer will affect to those who are going to live in it.

In abroad, the builders & owners are making use of CIVIL ENGINEERS to make the infrastructure as per the standard & takes all kind of precautions.

So why we can not ?

It’s Building Physics / It’s living according to the Nature.

History of Vaastu

The world is created by the five elements ie

• Earth
• Fire
• Air
• Water
• Sky

Our ancestors have vast knowledge on the subject of vaastu. Our holy books of Ramayana, Mahabharat, old temples, building Palaces and big towers are sum of the unique example of vaastu Shastra. Therefore, we can say living according to nature is the vaastu shastra and the cause of origin depend upon this fact only.

A. The people living in the building away all the laws and goods of the vaastu are always religious, rich and healthy.

B. The laws and principles of vaastu thorey are in conformity with the scientist visual points. This theory hold back a very solid scientific reason .The most important things in vaastu Shastra is that there is no word called lifeless in it. Today the modern science also except this view point that the last particle of the matter is on atom.

C. The whole vaastu depends on the law of nature. The north and South Pole has magnetic property. Thus, same way in the human body, the upper portion of the head is North Pole and the lower portion of the leg is called South Pole.

D. Vaastu has four constituents – Earth, Residence, status and position of sleeping of which earth is main constituents.

E. Architecture and vaastu are not same. Architecture is on important science which is based upon numbers and mathematics but vaastu is related with the religion and the ligature . The is very vast and immence. Vaastu is set to be one of eldest among the 64 ancient ligatures.

F. Vaastu means the plot on which the house has to be built should be carefully taken. The land surrounding the plot should be carefully seen. The area and width of the plot should be examined.

Cracks in the building are a common occurrence. Structural cracks are due to the incorrect design where as non-structural cracks are due to moisture changes, thermal variations, foundation settlement or corrosion etc.To get rid of these cracks up to certain extant, firstly, it is necessary to design the structure considering all possible predominant forces like dead load, live load, wind/storm forces, earth quack forces, vibration forces due to equipments etc.But the key is to construct as per design & drawings.Secondly before selecting the construction material, it is very necessary to understand the behavior of those building materials w.r.to the climatic condition, temperature and moisture changes, attack of external chemicals in the form of smoke and liquids etc. and what are the correct surface treatments to overcome these effects.

On top of that the most important thing is to construct with correct construction procedure using correct construction equipments

Couses of cracks in buildings

• Moisture movements
• Thermal variation
• Elastic deformation
• Creep
• Chemical reaction
• Foundation movement & settlement of soil
• Foundation movement & settlement of soil